Carbon removal is the process of taking greenhouse gas emissions out of the atmosphere through actions such as tree planting or capturing and storing carbon from biofuels and bioenergy plants. Carbon removal can slow, limit, or even reverse climate change, but it is not a substitute for reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Carbon capture is the process of taking emissions produced by electricity generation or industrial activities and storing them deep underground.
In short, carbon removal is the elimination of carbon emissions after they have entered our atmosphere. Carbon capture is the retention of carbon emissions immediately after they are emitted but before they enter our atmosphere. The effectiveness of these processes is still largely under scrutiny.